MEMBINA KRITIKAN SASTERA MELAYU DALAM JALUR PASCAMODENISME

TO DEVELOP THE MALAY LITERARY CRITICISM IN POSTMODERNISM LINE

Abstract

Kritikan sastera Melayu bukan sahaja menilai karya sastera yang wujud, malah juga mencakupi penulisan legislatif dan pembentukan teori sastera. Perkembangannya mengujudkan beberapa tahap perkembangan, yang penting antaranya tahap sebelum Perang Dunia II, tahap sebelum kemerdekaan, zaman kemerdekaan, modenisme, dan sekarang pascamodenisme. Tradisi kritikan sastera Melayu bermula pada tahun-tahun 1950-an, yang telah mendapat perhatian serius daripada tokoh-tokoh pengkritik dan penulis ASAS 50. Dalam perkembangan sastera Melayu dalam beberapa dekad seterusnya, terkesan akan angin perubahan ke arah dunia sastera pascamodenisme dengan dunia intelektualisme. Kehadiran teori baharu yang disesuaikan dengan teks pascamodenisme, antaranya Strukturalisme, Psikoanalisis, Intertekstualiti, Semiotik, Teksdealisme, Psikoanalisis, Resepsi, Feminisme, Fenomenologi, Hermeneutik, New Historicism dan sebagainya telah hadir dalam sastera di Malaysia. Begitu juga dengan kewujudan teori tempatan seperti Puitika Sastera Melayu, Konseptual Kata Kunci, Teksdealisme, Takmilah, Estetika Bersepadu, dan sebagainya telah menyemarakkan dunia penulisan kritikan di Malaysia. Keadaan ini akan membantu menyemarakkan lagi dunia kritikan sastera di Malaysia, khususnya dalam konteks kritikan sastera amali.

Malay literary criticism not only evaluate existing literature, but also accounts for the legislative writing and formation of literary theory. Its progress established several stages of development, which is important, prior to the World War II, the level before independence, Independence Day, modernism, and the recent postmodernism. Malay literary criticism tradition began in the years of the 50s, which has received more attention from the critics and writers of ASAS 50. In the development of Malay literature in the next few decades, influenced by the winds of change towards literary postmodernism world with the world of intellectualism. The presence of a new theory of postmodernism customized with texts, such as structuralism, psychoanalysis, intertextuality, semiotic, teksdealisme, psychoanalysis, reception, feminism, phenomenology, hermeneutics, and others were present in the literature in Malaysia. Similarly, the existence of theories such as poetics, Teksdealisme, Takmilah, Aesthetic Integration, and others has popularized criticism in the writing world. This will help boost the world of literary criticism in Malaysia, especially in the context of practical literary criticism.